Okay, a lot of plant nutrients are water-soluble, in that they need to be dissolved in water before they can be absorbed by the roots of plants. By adding excess nutrients to the soil, the water portion in the soil becomes very "concentrated", increasing its osmolality. This makes the soil hypertonic, compared to most plants. Then, water flows from the plant into the soil (by osmosis), essentially desiccating or "drying out" the plant. The plant loses water into the soil and dies.
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